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C Programmirigs (Nested Loop)
Write a program to
print multiplication table of first 10 natural number.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
{
int
i,j,c;
for(i=
1 ;i<= 1 0;++i)
for(i=
1 ;j<=10;++j)
{
C=i*j;
printf(%d*%d=%d\t”,i,j,c);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch();
}
2. Write a program to
display factorial number of first 10 natural number.
#include<stdio.n>
#lnclude<conlo.n>
void
main()
{
int
i,j,f
for(i=1;i<=10;÷+i)
f=i*j;
for(j=i;j>O;--j)
{
f=f*j
printf(
%d=%d\n ,i,f);
getch();
}
3. Write a program to
display prime number upto 500 numbers.
Ans:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
t
int
i,j;
for(i=2;i<=500;++i)
{
for(j=2;j<=i;++j)
{
if(i%j==0)
break;
{
if(i==j)
printf(
"%d\t" ,i);
{
getch();
}
4. Write a program to
generate the following:
1
22
333
4444
55555
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
{
int
i,j;
for(i=1;j<=5;++i)
{
for(j=1;j<=i;++j)
{
printf("%d",i);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch();
}
5. Write a program to
display the following series:
1
22
3
3 3
4
4 4 4
5
5 5 5 5
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
voidmain()
{
int
n,a,j;
for(a=1;a<=5;a++)
{
for
(j= 0; j < = 5-a ; j+ +)
printf
(" ")
for(j=1;j<=a;j++)
printf
("%d “, a);
printf
( "\n" );
}
getch
();
}
6.
Write a program to generate the following:
1
12
123
1234
12345
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
{
int
i,j;
for(i=1 ;i<=5;++i)
{
for(j=
1 ;j<=i;++j)
{
printf("%d”
,j);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch();
}
7.
Write a C Program to display the following:
55555
4444
333
22
1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
{
int
i,j;
for(i=5;i>=0;--i)
{
for(j=
1 ;j<=i;++j)
{
printf(
"%d” ,i);
printf"(\n”);
}
getch();
}
8.
Write a program to display the following table:
10
20 30 40
20
30 40 50
30
40 50 60
4050
60 70
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
{
int
i,j;
for(i=0;i<=4;++i)
{
for(j=
1 ;j.<=4;++j)
{
printf("%d\t",(i+j)*
10);
}
printf("\n”);
}
getch();
}
9.
Write a C program to display the pyramid of numbers for a given number.
1
121
1
23 21
1
2 34 32 1
123454321
1
2345654321
12
345 67654321
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
{
int
n,a,j,k;
printf(”Enter
a number to form a pyramid:”);
scanf("%d”,&n);
printf("\n\t\n\t”);
for
(a = 1; a < =n; a ++)
{
for(j
= 1;j<=n-a;j ++)
}
printf
(“ ");
for
(k=1 ;k<=a;k++)
printf
(“%d", k);
for
(k=a-1 ;k>0;k--)
printf("%d
", k);
printf
(“\n\t\t”);
}
getch
();
}
10.
Write a program to display the following series
1
23
45
6
78
9 10
11
12 13 14 15 [i.e.Floyd’s Theorem]
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int i,j=l,k;
for(i= 1 ;i<=5;++i)
{
for(k =1 ;k<=i;j++,k++)
printf("%dt",j);
printf("\n");
}
getch();
}
Or,
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int
i,j,sum=0;
for(i=1
;i<5;++i)
{
for(j=0;j<i;++j)
{
sum=sum+1
printf("%d\t”,sum);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch();
}
1. What is an array?
Write down its syntax with examples.
Ans:
An array can be defined as a set of finite number of homogeneous elements or
data items.It means an array can contain one type of data only,either all
integers,all characters,all floating point etc.The individual data items are
represented by their corresponding array elements(i.e.first data item is
represented by first array element,second data item is represented by second
array element and so on). The individual array elements are distinguished from
one another by the value that is assigned to a subscript.
Declaring
of an array
int
a[5];
Where
int specifies data type of elements array,"a” is the name of array and
number specified inside the square brackets is number of elements an array can
stores.
Followings are some
of the concept to be remembered about arrays:
a)
The individual element of an array can be accessed by specifying name of
array,followed by index or subscript inside square brackets.Example:int 45];
b)
The first element of array has index zero[0].It means first element and last
element will be specified as a[0] and a[4] respectively.
c)
The elements of array always be stored in consecutive memory locations.
d)
The size of array is given by (Upperbound-lowerbound)+1
(4-0)+
1 =5.
where
O=lowerbound and 4=upperbound.
e)
Arrays can be read or written through loop.If we read a one- dimensional
array,it requires one loop for reading and writing.
If
we are reading or writing two-dimensional array it would require two
loops.Sirnilarly array of n dimension would require n loops.
There
are two types of array and these are
(a)
One-dimensional array
(b)
Two- dimensional array
(a)
One dimensional array: It consists only either rows or columns.
syntax>
data _ type array_name [expression];
e.g.
int marks [500];
char
sentence [100];
float
percentage [8]; etc.
(b)
Two dimensional array: It consists both rows and columns. syntax> data —
type array name [expression 1] [expression2];
e.g.
int
matrix [5] [5];
char
name [10] [30]; etc.
2. Differentiate between
one-dimensional and two-dimensional array.
Differentiation
between one-dimensional and multi-dimensional array:
|
One-Dimensional
array
|
Two-dimensional
array
|
|
a)Only
one subscript is used in
one-dimensional
array
|
Two
subscript is used in two-
dimensional
array.
|
|
b)
Syntax>data_type array_name [subscript];
Examples:
char
name[20];
int
marks[5]; etc
Here,
subscript is used to denote either rows or columns.
|
Syntax>data_type
array_name [subscript 1]
[subsc
ript2];
Examples:
int
marks[100][5];
int
matrix[5][5]; etc. Here, subscriptl is used to denotes rows and subscript2
denotes columns.
|
|
c)
Only one loop statement is used to create or retrieve array elements,
|
Two
looping statements are used to create or retrieve array elements, i.e. first
loop for rows and second loop for columns.
|
|
d)
Example: Display name & age of a student. #include <stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
void
main ()
{
char
name [20];
int
age;
printf
(“Enter name:”);
gets
(name);
printf
(“Enter age \n”);
scanf("%d”,
&age);
printf (“\n Name :%s”, name);
printf
(“Age:%d”, age);
getch();
}
|
Example:
Display elements of a matrix:
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
void
main ()
{
int
matrixa[2]
[2],i,j;
printf(”Enter
elements of a matrix:”):
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
{
for(j=0;j<2;++j)
scanf("%d”,&matrixa[i]
[ii);
}
//Displaying
data
for(i=0;i<2;++i)
{
for(j=0;j<2;++j)
printf("%d\t”,matrixa[i]
[j]);
printf("\n”)
;
}
Getch();
}
|
3.
What is a string?Explain,how string is declared?
A
string is a group of characters of any length. The string enclosed within
double quotation marks is known as a literal. For example, “Hello” is literal.
We can use such strings in our programs to display various kinds of messages on
the screen. The strings can be stored and manipulated as array of characters in
C and C++. The last character in a string is always ‘\0’, a null character. For
example, the string “PROGRAM” can be stored in an array as
0 1 2 3
4 5 6
7
|
P
|
R
|
O
|
G
|
R
|
A
|
M
|
\0
|
items
The
string requires total 8 locations of array item: seven for the alphabets in the
string PROGRAM and one for the null character. The array item can be
declared as:
char
item[8];
Other
examples of array declarations are:
int
x[25];
char
name [20];
float
sal[15];
Array
declarations that include the assignment of initial values are
int
x[5] = { 56, 42, 90, 65, 55 };
x[0] x[1] x[2] x[3] x[4]
or
char text[6] = { “today”};
|
char
text[6] ={
|
‘t’
|
‘o’
|
‘d’
|
‘a’
|
‘y’
|
‘\0’
|
};
|
|
|
Text
[0]
|
Text
[1]
|
Text
[2]
|
Text
[3]
|
Text
[4]
|
Text
[5]
|
Text
|
intA[4][3]
= { 5, 2, 7,
3, 9, 6,
1, 7, 8
9, 2,
3};
int
list[5][10] = { “Ram”,
“Shyam”,
“Han”,
“Gopal”,
“Rampayri” };
3. Write differences
between array and unions with syntax.
Differentiation
between structure and unions:
|
Array
|
Union
|
|
Array
is the collection of
data
items which will have
the
same name.
|
Union
is a collection of
hetrogeneous
data types
|
|
Each
element has specific
memory
space
|
Each
element has no specific
memory
space but space
allocated
for largest elementis is
utilized
by other sized element.
|
|
Keyword
is not required to
declare
array,
|
Keyword
is required to declare
union
|
|
Array
has its type and these are:
(i)
one dimensional array
(ii)
multi dimensional array
|
Union
has no type
|
|
The
syntax of array:
(i)
One dimensional array:
data_type
array_name [size
of
array];
It
consists only rows or columns
i.e.
char name [20];
(ii)
Two-dimensional array:
data_type
array_name[expl] [exp2];
e.g.
char name [5] [25];
It
contains rows & columns.
|
Syntax
of union:
union
user_defined_name
{
data_type
member 1;
data_type
member2;
…………….
data_type
membern;
}
union
user_defined_name
van,
var2
e.g
struct student {
char
name [20];
int
age;
};
union
student one;
|
|
Example
: Display name & age:
#include
<stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void
main ()
{
char
name [20];
int
age;
pnintf
(“Enter name:”);
gets (name);
printf
(“Enter age \n");
scanf
(“%d", &age);
pnintf
(“\n Name :%s”, name);
printf("Age:%d”,
age);
getch () ;
}
|
Example:
Display name & age:
#include
<stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void
main ()
{
union
student
{
char
name [20];
int
age;
}
one;
printf
(“Enter name :\n");
scanf
(“%s”, one.name);
printf
(“\n Enter age:”);
scanf
("%d”, &one.age);
printf
(“\n Name : %s”,one.name);
printf
(“Age :%d”, one.age);
getch();
}
|
C
Programmings—5
1.
Write a program to display the following numbers.
3,56,76,5,90
#include
<stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void
main ()
{
int
i,num[5]={ 3,56,76,5,90};
printf("List
of number\n”);
for(i=0;i<4;++i)
printf("%d”
,num[i]);
getch();
}
2.
Write a C program to read age of 100 person from keyboard,display it in proper
format.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main ()
{
int
i,num[100];
//Giving
input from keyboard
for(i=0;i<lOO;++i)
{
printf(
Enter age of 100 persons: ")
scanf
("%d”,&num[i]);
}
//Displaying
age of 100 persons
printf("List
of number\n”);
for(i=0;i<100;++i)
printf("%d”
,num[i]);
getch():
}
3.
Write a C program to read 10 numbers and print them in reverse order
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
{
int
num[10],i;
for(i=0;i<O;i++)
{
printf(
Enter a number: );
scanf("%d”,&num[i]);
}
printf("The
number in reverse order are:");
for(i=9;i>0;i--)
printf("%d\n\t\t\t\t”,num[i]);
getch();
}
4.
Write a program to store ten different constant variables in any array and
print out the greatest number. [HSEB-2064]
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
void
main ()
{
int
a[10]={100,1,23,43,56,21,80,54,67,2};
int
i, large;
large=
a [0];
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
if
(large < a [i])
large
= a[i];
}
printf
(“\n largest no = %d”, large);
getch
();
}
5.
Write a ‘C’ program to read salaries of 200 employees and count the number of
employees getting salary between 5000-10000. [HSEB-2062]
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h >
void
main ()
{
int
count = 0, salary [200], i;
//
Reading salary of 200 employees
for
(i= 0; i< 200; i++)
{
printf
(" Enter salary :" );
scanf
(“%d", & salary [i]);
}
//counting
number of employees getting salary between
//5000
- 10000
for
(i = 0; i < 200; i ++)
{
if
(salary [i]> 5000 && salary [i] < 10000)
count
+ +;
}
printf
(“Total number of employees getting salaries between 500-10000 = %d”, count);
getch();
}
The
marks obtained by a student in a 7 different subjects are entered through the keyboard.
The student gets a division as per the following rules:
Percentage
greater or equal to 60 First
division
Percentage
between 45 and 59 Second
division
Percentage
between 35 and 44 Third
division
Percentage
less than 35 Fail
Write
a program using C language to process result of all’ students based on
specification stated above.
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
void
main ()
{
char
name [20];
int
i;
float
x [7], per, total = 0;
printf
(“Enter name =");
scanf
(“%s”, name);
for
(i= 0; i< 7; i++)
{
printf
(“Enter mark of a subject =");
scanf
(“%f", &x [i]);
total
= total + x [i];
}
printf
(“\n\n”);
per
= total/7;
printf
(“Name %s\n”, name);
printf
(“Total = % f\n”, total);
printf
(“Percentage = %fn”, per);
if
(per>60)
printf
(“First division\n”);
else
if (per> = 45)
printf
(“Second division\n”);
else if (per> = 35)
printf
(“Third division”);
else
printf
(“Fail\n”);
getch ();
}
7.
Write a program using C language to read the age of 100 persons and count
number of persons in the age group between 50 and 60. Use “For” and “Continue”
statements. [HSEB 2061]
#include
<stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void
main ()
{
int
age [100];
int
i, count 0;
//Reading
the age of 100 persons
for(i=0;i<100;i++)
{
printf
(“Enter age of a person :");
scanf("%d”,
& age [i]);
}
//Comparing
age group between 50 & 60
for
(i= 0, i< 100; i++)
if
(age [i] > = 50 && age {i] <= 6O)
count
+ +;
continue;
}
printf
(“Total number of persons in the age group between 50 and 60 are: %d",
count);
getch();
}
8.
Write a program to find whether the given number is palindrome or not.
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
void
main ()
{
int
a[10],num,i=0,result=O,n;
printf("Enter
the number:”);
scanf(”%d”,&n);
num=n;
while(num!=0)
result=result*
10;
a[i]=num%1O;
num=num/
10;
result=result+a[i];
++i;
}
if(result==n)
printf("The
number is palindrome”);
getch();
}
9.
Write a ‘C’ program to input ‘n’ numbers and find out the greatest and smallest
number. [HSEB 2O62]
#include
<stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void
main ()
{
int
n, i, max, a[100], min;
printf
(“How many nos ?“);
scanf
(“%d”, &n);
//Reading
numbers for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf
(“Enter numbers :“);
scanf(”%d”,
&a [i]);
}
//
Finding the greatest and smallest number.
max=a[O];
min=a[0];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if
(a [i] > max)
max
= a[i];
else
if( a[i]<min)
min
= a[i];
else
;
}
printf
(“The greatest number %d\n”, max);
printf
(“The smallest number = %d”, min);
getch
();
}
10.
Write a program, which reads marks of N students in an array and add a grace of
10 marks to every element of the array.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void
main()
{
int
n,i,mark[ 10] ,sum[1 0];
printf("Enter
how many students:”);
scanf("%d”
,&n);
printf("\n\n”);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf(”Enter
mark:”);
scanf("%d”,&mark[i]);
sum
[i]=mark[i] + 10;
}
printf("\n\n”);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf(”The
mark of studit after adding a grace 0f 10 marks:%d\n”,sum [i]);
getch();
}
11.
Write a program to enter ‘n’ numbers into one dimensional array and sort and
display them in ascending order.[HSEB-2065]
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
#define
MAX 500
void
main ()
int
a [MAX], i, j, n, temp; printf (“How many numbers ?“);
scanf
(“%d”, &n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf
(“Enter numbers =");
scanf (“%d”,& a [i]);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for (j = i+1; j < n; j ++)
{
if(a [i]> a [i])
{
temp = a[i];
a[i]=a[j];
a [j] = temp;
}
}
}
printf
(‘Sorted array\n”);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf (“%d\t", a[i]);
}
getch();
}
12.
Write a program to read a set of ‘n’ numbers from the standard input device and
to sort them in descending order.
13.
Write a C program that reads name and mark of 10 different students and prints
them in tabular format.
14.
Write a program to input names of ‘n’ number of students and sort them in
alphabetical order. [HSEB-2062]
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
#include
<string.h>
void
main ()
{
char
name [100] [100], temp[100];
int i, j, n;
prmntf
(“Enter number of students =“);
scanf(”%d’, &n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf (“Enter name :“);
scanf (‘%s”, name [ii);
fflush (stdin);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for (j = + l;j <n;j +
{
if(strcmpi (name [i], name
[j]) > 0)
{
strcpy(temp, name [i]);
strcpy (hame [i], name [j]);
strcpy
(name [j], temp);
}
}
}
for(I
=0;I < n;I ++)
{
printf
(“%s\n”, name [1]);
}
getch
( );
}
I
15. Write a C program to read anme and address of 5 different students,sort
them in alphabetical order.
Ans:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#includecstring.h>
void main( )
{
char name[5] [80] ,add[5] [80] ,temp[80,temp 1
[80];
int i,j;
printf("enter
name and age:");
for(i=0;i<5 ;i++) scanf(”%s%s” ,name[i]
,add [i]);
for(i=0;i<5
;i++)
{
for(j=i+1
;j<5;j++)
if(strcmp (name [i] ,name [3]) >0)
{
strcpy(temp,name[i]);
strcpy(name
[i] ,name[j]);
strcpy(name [j] ,temp);
strcpy(temp
1 ,add[i])
strcpy(add[i],add[j]);
strcpy(add
[j] ,temp 1);
}
}
printf(”The
result\n”);
for(i=0;i<5 ;i÷+)
printf(”%s\t%s\n” ,name[i] ,add[i]);
getch();
16.
Write a C program to read elements of any two matrices and sum of them.
Or,
Write
a program to add two matrices. [HSEB 2065]
#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<conio.h>
void
main ()
{
int a[5][5],
b[5][5], c[5] [5], i, j;
Printf
(“Enter the elements of matrix A = “);
for (i=
0; i< 5; i+ +)
{
for (j= 0; j< 5; j+ +)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf
(“Enter elements of matrix B =“);
for (i= 0; i< 5; i+ +)
{
for (j= 0; j< 5; j+ +)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
for (i= 0; i< 5; i+ +)
{
for (j= 0; j< 5; j+ +)
{
c[i][j]
= a[i][j] +b[i][j];
}
}
for (i= 0; i< 5; i+ +)
{
for (j= 0; j< 5; j+ +)
{
printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
}
}
getch();
}
17.
Write a program to find row sum and column sum of a matrix
18.
Write a program to obtain transpose of a 3X3 matrix. Ans: #include
<stdio.h>
19.
Write a program to read a set of numbers from keyboard and to sort out the
given array of elements in ascending order using a function.
21.
Read the maximum and minimum temperature of 7 days of Kathmandu Valley and
creates a function to calculate minimum and maximum temperature, also find the
average temperature.
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